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Nowadays, the two most common investment casting processes are water glass and silica sol. The surface roughness and casting cost are the main differences. The ceramic moulds is formed of water glass quartz sand, and the water glass process dewaxes into high-temperature water. The ceramic mould from silica sol zircon sand, which dewaxes into the flash fire. The silica sol process is more expensive, but it produces a superior surface than the water glass approach.
Investment casting is a technique for producing complex metal structures that involves establishing a ceramic mold or pattern from which specific metal pieces can be manufactured. Fused minerals are an important component of the ceramic shell construction process. To endure exposure to extremely high temperatures during the firing and pouring process, the ceramic shell is made of a variety of fused materials. After the ceramic shell is broken away, the metal section is exposed, which in many cases requires polishing or finishing with an abrasive substance.